Question :
What is 1NF? How do we achieve it.
Subject
Database Management System
Standard
Computer Science Engineering
Views
581
Asked By
Advika
Valentina
Answer / Solution
Answer / Solution
First Normal Form (1NF) is the first level of normalization in which a table is required to meet certain criteria to ensure that it contains atomic values, and there is no repeating groups of data.
To meet the criteria of 1NF, a table must have the following properties:
- Each column in the table must contain atomic values, meaning that it cannot be further subdivided. For example, a name column should be split into first name and last name columns.
- Each column must have a unique name that describes the attribute it represents.
- Each row must be unique, meaning that no two rows can have the exact same values for all columns.
- The order of the rows and columns should not matter, as the data can be accessed and manipulated using SQL commands.
In summary, 1NF requires that a table be organized into rows and columns, with each column containing a single, indivisible value. This ensures that the table contains no repeating groups of data and helps to eliminate data redundancy.
Aarohi
Answer / Solution
Answer / Solution
First Normal Form (1NF) requires that each table in a database has a primary key and that each column in that table contains only atomic values (values that cannot be divided any further).
A table is in 1 NF if:
- There are only Single Valued Attributes.
- Attribute Domain does not change.
- There is a unique name for every Attribute/Column.
- The order in which data is stored does not matter.
For example, let's consider a table called "Customers" that contains the following columns:
| Customer ID | Customer Name | Order IDs |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | John Smith | 1, 2, 3 |
| 2 | Jane Doe | 4, 5 |
| 3 | Bob Johnson | 6 |
This table violates 1NF because the "Order IDs" column contains multiple values that are not atomic, i.e., they are composed of multiple order IDs separated by commas. To bring this table into 1NF, we can break down the "Order IDs" column into a separate table called "Orders" and establish a one-to-many relationship between the "Customers" table and the "Orders" table:
Customers Table:
| Customer ID | Customer Name |
|---|---|
| 1 | John Smith |
| 2 | Jane Doe |
| 3 | Bob Johnson |
Orders Table:
| Order ID | Customer ID |
|---|---|
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 1 |
| 3 | 2 |
| 4 | 1 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 6 | 3 |
By breaking down the "Order IDs" column into a separate table and establishing a one-to-many relationship between the "Customers" and "Orders" tables, we have brought the "Customers" table into 1NF.
Now, each column in the table contains only atomic values, and the table has a primary key (the "Customer ID" column) that uniquely identifies each row.
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