Computer security is a critical issue, and there are several types of attacks that can compromise the security of a computer system, network, confidentiality, integrity, and availability of digital information or data.  Here are some of the most common types of attacks in computer security:

1. Malware Attacks - Malware is a type of software designed to harm a computer system or steal data. Malware can come in various forms, including viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and ransomware. For example, the WannaCry ransomware attack that occurred in 2017 affected over 200,000 computers in 150 countries, causing damage worth billions of dollars.
2. Phishing Attacks - Phishing is a type of social engineering attack that targets users to trick them into giving away sensitive information, such as login credentials, credit card information, or personal data. Phishing attacks can occur through emails, messages, or phone calls. For example, in 2016, a phishing attack on the Democratic National Committee resulted in the leak of thousands of sensitive emails.
3. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks - DDoS attacks involve overwhelming a system or network with traffic to the point where it becomes unusable. Attackers use botnets, a network of infected computers, to send a massive amount of traffic to a target. For example, the Mirai botnet attack in 2016 caused major disruptions to websites such as Twitter, Netflix, and Reddit.
4. Password Attacks - Password attacks involve guessing or cracking passwords to gain unauthorized access to a system or network. These attacks can be carried out using brute force methods, dictionary attacks, or social engineering tactics. For example, in 2014, a group of hackers breached Sony Pictures' network using password attacks and stole sensitive data, including emails, personal information, and unreleased films.
5. Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) Attacks - MITM attacks occur when an attacker intercepts communications between two parties to steal or modify data. This can happen through public Wi-Fi networks or by compromising a router or switch. For example, the Flame malware attack in 2012 involved intercepting and altering communications between Iranian nuclear facilities and their headquarters.
6. Password attacks: Password attacks are designed to crack or steal passwords, allowing an attacker to gain access to sensitive information. This can be done through brute-force attacks, where an attacker tries all possible combinations of characters until they find the correct password, or through social engineering, where an attacker tricks a user into revealing their password.
7. SQL injection attacks: SQL injection attacks involve exploiting vulnerabilities in web applications to gain access to a database. This can be done by injecting malicious SQL code into a web form, allowing an attacker to view, modify, or delete data from the database.
8. Cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks: XSS attacks involve injecting malicious code into a web page, allowing an attacker to steal sensitive information or perform unauthorized actions. This can be done by exploiting vulnerabilities in web applications or by using social engineering to trick users into running malicious code.

In conclusion, these are just a few of the many types of attacks that can occur in computer security. It is essential to implement strong security measures, such as firewalls, anti-virus software, intrusion detection and prevention systems, and encryption, to prevent such attacks and protect sensitive data. Additionally, ongoing education and training for users and IT staff are crucial for maintaining the security of computer systems and networks. 

computer security is essential for protecting against various types of attacks that can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of digital information. It is important to implement robust security measures and stay up-to-date with the latest threats to ensure the safety and privacy of digital data.